Walter s



'Nirnn STATESN 'ArtNr Fries.

VALTER S. DOE, OF BROOKLYN, NEV YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO HENRY THOHPSON, OF SAME PLACE.

BATTERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,247, dated February 11, 1896.

Application filed September 18, 1894. Renewed .Tune 6, 1895. Serial No. 551,913. (No model.)

.To all whom t may concer/z."

Be it known that I, VALTER S. DOE, of Brooklyn, in the county oit' Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Battery, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention consists of a closed vessel forming an extension of the porous cup to form a receiver for the gas emanating from the depolarizing fluid and a reservoir for the latter.

The invention also consists of certain parts and details and combinations of the same, as Will be fully described hereinafter, and then pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forminga part of this specification, in Which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both the iigures.

Figure l is a sectional side elevation of the improvement, and Fig. 2 is a sectional plan vieW of the same on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

The improved battery is provided With a suitable jar or other vessel A, in Which is set the porous cup B containing the depolarizing iluid and the carbon element O, While the zinc element D is preferably made in the shape of a ringsurrounding the porous cup B, as is plainly illustrated in Fig. l. The ring may be split, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2..

On the upper end of the porous cup B is iitted by an air-tight joint the lower end of a vessel E, made of glass or other suitable material, to prevent escape of the gas emanating from the depolarizing iluid contained in the porous cup B, the said vessel E being provided at its upper end With a neck E adapted to be closed by a cap or stopper E2 to form an air-tight joint. The neck E preferably extends through the cover F for the jar. The conducting-rod C for the carbon element O passes through a lateral opening G in the top or shouldered portion of the vessel E and issealed therein with an elastic stopper G or other means to form an air-tight joint to prevent the escape of gas from the vessel E. The rod C then extends through an opening in the cover F, and a like open ing in the latter forms a passage for the conducting-rod D' of the zinc element D.

lt Will be seen that by the arrangement described the vessel E forms an extension for the porous cup and serves as a gasometer to receive and retain the gas arising from the depolarizin g Iiuid contained in the porous cup B. At the same time the said vessel E serves as a reservoir or storage-vessel for the depolarizing iiuid by filling the latter into the cup B and vessel E nearly to the top of the vessel. The exciting iiuid contained in the jar or vessel E nearly iills the same, as indicated in Fig. l, it being understood that the vessel E permits such filling Without causing the fluid in the jar to pass into the porous cup from above. f

Now it Will be seen that by the arrangement described the battery will remain active as long as there is depolarizing fluid in the porous cup B, and as soon as the cup has run empty it can be readily refilled by the operator removing the cap or stopper E2 and reiilli'ng the cup with a new charge of the depolarizing iiuid. The latter is preferably coinposed of nitric acid, one part; muriatic acid, one part; sulphuric acid, one-half part, and Water two parts. The formula for the exciting iluid used is preferably H2SO4-i-H2O.

In case the zinc element D needs removal it can be readily lifted by themed D' Without removing the cup B and its vessel E from the jar and Without disturbing the liquid in the jar and cup. It Will be seen that this removal of the zinc element is practicable, because the rod O of the carbon element stands vertical above the top of the cup E, and is thus Within the plane of the adjacent side of the latter. It is understood that for removal of the zinc element D the cover F iiuid in the porous cup B is contained in the vesselE, it exerts a'suicient backward pressure on the depolarizing fluid, so that when the latter runs down the porous cup remains IOO empty. The pressure ofthe gas also prevents the outer liquid from mixing with the depolarizing fluid.

A battery constructed in this manner will have great energy, and it can be run at a comparatively small expense, as none of the depolarizing lluid is wasted and the `full energy of the latter is utilized.

As illustrated in Fig. l, the joint between the porous cup B and the vessel E is preferably made by annular-fitting flanges to present no interior or exterior projection, as will be understood by reference to Fig. l. The cover F is preferably formed with a gasket F, adapted to be seated in the neck of the jarA so as to snugly lit therein.

It is -a Well-known fact that in Bunscn bat.- teries the nitric acid evolves peroxide of nitrogen, which in escaping` is injurious not only to the apparatus but also to the health of human beings, so that the said batteries are uniit for a great many purposes and dangerous when used in dwellings. By the c011- struction of my battery escape of the dangerous is prevented and its power is utilized as above described, while provision is made for connection of circuit-wires with the carbon element by the described arrangement of the rod C and the hermetic seal applied at the point Where said rod passes through the jar or vessel containing the depolarizing liquid. My invention also enables me to avoid connecting the circuit-wires through the bottom of the jar, as in some other forms of batteries of this class.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new an'd desire to secure by Letters Patentl. In a battery-cell containing a depolarizing liquid, the vessel formed of the porous cup, and a bottle-shaped top portion, sealed thereon, and having an opening in its top or shouldered portion and a mouth provided with a closing cap, the carbon contained in such vessel, and a rod Which is connected with the carbon and extends vertically through and is sealed in said opening, as shown and described.

2. In a battery-cell, the combination of the zinc element and its vertical rod, with the porous cup having the bottle-shaped extension provided with an opening in its top or shouldered portion, the carbon and its rod, the llatter extending upward through said opening and being sealed therein, and the portion of the rod above the shoulder being vertical and thus lying Within the plane of the adjacent side of the cup, substantially as shown and described, for the purpose speciiied.

XVALTER S. DOE.

Witnesses:

THEO. G. Hos'rnn, C. SEDGWICK. 

